^Electromagnetic Force

EM – force acts between charged particles. It binds electrons with nuclei to form atoms & binds atoms together to form molecules. It is responsible for the properties of solids, liquids, & gases. Force of attraction/repulsion between two static charges is described by the Coulomb’s law i.e

Electric forces and magnetic forces were considered to be separate forces until the 1860s when James Clerk Maxwell was able to demonstrate that they were different manifestations of the same force – the electromagnetic force. Infact, all contact forces such as: Frictional force (f), Viscous force (F_v), Air drag (f_d) Spring force (F_spring or F_r), Normal reaction (N), Tension force in ropes, strings & muscles (T), Buoyant force (B or U), Surface tension force (F_S) are actually due to the electromagnetic force.