Description of motion along a straight line the role of direction is played by +ve & -ve signs of that direction, however to describe motion in 2 & 3 dimensions we need vectors. ^What is a vector If both magnitude and direction are required to completely described a physical quantity, then it is called a […]
*Uniform acceleration If in equal intervals of time velocity changes by equal amounts, then the acceleration is called uniform & such a motion is called Uniformly Accelerated Motion (UAM). 1 D Kinematic equations of UAM In the above relations S is displacement & not distance. As in a circular motion & SHM acceleration is not […]
*Uniform motion Uniform motion means uniform velocity i.e. both the speed & the direction remain same w.r.t. time. This is the case when the net force acting on it is zero or of body is zero. This case is also called dynamic equilibrium. For uniform motion average speed is equal to instantaneous velocity. A body […]
^Instantaneous acceleration Acceleration at a particular instant of time is called instantaneous acceleration. Mathematically it is measured as the limiting value of the average acceleration. For motion along x – axis,= For 1 D motion along x – axis we have, i.e. instantaneous acceleration is equal to slope of velocity time graph (v – t). […]
*Average acceleration Average acceleration is defined as the change in the velocity per unit time spent. If the velocity of a moving body a time t1 when it was at point A is v1. Let at time t2 it reaches point B where is velocity is v2. Change in its velocity per unit time spent […]
Variation of emf with temp. The magnitude of & direction depends upon nature of materials of the wires forming thermocouple & difference in temperature of two junctions. For majority of the thermocouples, the temperature dependence of the thermo-emf can be expressed by a quadratic equation, _ _ _ _ (1) where α […]
*Instantaneous speed Speed at a particular instant of time is called instantaneous, also speed means magnitude of instantaneous velocity. Reading of a speedometer of a vehicle is the instantaneous speed. It is scalar & always positive. Mathematically it is measured as the limiting value of the average speed i.e. Instantaneous speed =
Thermocouples The arrangement of two different metals (or semiconductors) joined at their ends to form a loop is called a thermocouple. Ends are called junctions. Temperature difference applied to a thermocouple creates a voltage in it & vice versa. This effect of direct conversion of temp. differences to electric voltage & voltage differences to temp. […]
*Average speed Speed between two instants is called average. Mathematically it is measured as the total distance covered per unit time spent. It is scalar & always positive. i.e. Average speed For a given time interval average velocity is single valued while average speed can have values depending upon path followed. Average velocity & average […]
Sign of thermoelectric power Sign of S is sign of cold side i.e., potential of cold side. By convention, the sign of S represents the potential of the cold side with respect to the hot side. If electrons diffuse from hot to cold end, then the cold side is negative with respect to the hot […]
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