^Electrons J. J. Thomson was the first to determine experimentally the speed and the specific charge (e/m) of the cathode ray particles. He found cathode rays travel with speeds ranging from about 0.1 to 0.2 times the speed of light. e/m = 1.76 × 1011 C/kg. the value of e/m is independent of the nature […]
^Intensity of photons Intensity of photons is also called power density & is defined as the rate of photons (i.e. number of photons per second) crossing a given area at right angles. Mathematically intensity of photons can be expressed as, All photons of light of a particular frequency f, or wavelength λ, have the same […]
^Power of photons Rate of energy of photons is called power of photons. If n photons each of wavelength ‘l’ are crossing a given area at right angles every second, then power of photons is defined as,
^Momentum of photons
^Energy of photons Max plank suggested that any source of radiation emits or absorbs energy discontinuously in the form of energy particles or packets of energy called photons. Amount of energy of an EM wave of frequency f possessed by a single photon is, Total energy of EM wave having N photons is E = […]
^Frequency of photons Frequency of photon does not change when it travels in different media while there is a change in velocity of photon in different media (due to change in wavelength). For any wave frequency is related to its wave length as i.e. light of shorter wavelength has more frequency.
^What are photons Photons are electrically neutral energy particles of zero rest mass emitted by a source of radiation & travel along a straight line with a speed equal to speed of light. Zero rest mass implies that the photons can’t exist at rest. Photons travel in a straight line with a speed equal to […]
^Photons & neutrino Both photon & neutrino are charge less & zero rest mass. But the spin of photon is 1 & that of neutrino is 1/2.
^Appearance of sky The appearance of sky from earth at various locations depend on the amount & nature of impurities present in the air & climatic conditions also. Also it is found that the light scattered (a) at right angles to the direction of incidence is completely plane polarized light (CPL) (b) along the direction […]
^Clouds appears white Hence when white light encounters obstacles of size a >> λ, all colours are scattered equally & resultant scatted light appears white. Due to this reason clouds appears white. If the earth had no atmosphere, the sky would appear black and stars could be seen during day time also. In fact at […]
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