^Parallel combinations of two springs
^Parallel combinations of two springs Force exerted at one end is distributed undiminished to other end, but divided between the two springs, so that both spring undergoes same displacement.
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^Continuous X-rays
^Continuous X-rays If the fast incident electrons undergo rapid deceleration by the electric field of the target then continuous (as having all sorts of wavelength) X-rays X-rays also called Bremsstrahlung X-rays are produced. This is the result of the inverse photoelectric effect, as the KE of the incident electrons is transformed into energy of X-ray […]
^Series combinations of two springs
^Series combinations of two springs Force exerted at one end is distributed undiminished to other end, consequently same restoring force is developed in both the springs & the spring having more k undergoes less displacement.
^Production of X – rays
^Production of X – rays If the fast electrons incident on entering a heavy target (a metal piece of high atomic weight & high melting point) X-rays are produced. Coolidge tube is used in the production of X-rays. It is a hard glass evacuated tube (EGT). One end of the tube has a tungsten filament […]
^Properties of X –rays
^Properties of X –rays EM with wavelengths from about 1 A0 to 100 A0. Travel in straight lie with speed of light. Can under go reflection, refraction, diffraction, interference & polarization. Not deflected by electric & magnetic fields. Produce flourescence. Affect photographic plates. Show photoelectric effect. Can Ionize the gases, destroy animal tissue & white […]
^Isotones
^Isotones Are the atoms: having same: nn But different: A, Z, ne, np NN Examples: 1. 1H2 & 2He3 2. 1H3 & 2He4 3. 3Li7 & 4Be8 4. 17Cl37 & 19K39 Symbols used: ne = Number of electrons np = Number of protons nn = Number of neutrons NN […]
^Spring force, Fsp
^Spring force, Fsp A spring because of its elasticity has a tendency to resist its deformation (compression or stretching, x). It does so by producing a force that restores it back to its relaxed position, this force is called the spring force & varies linearly with the deformation given to spring. Fsp = – kx […]
^Isobars
^Isobars Are the atoms: having same: A, NN, Physical properties But different: Element, Z, ne, np , Chemical properties Examples: 1. 1H3 & 2He3 2. 6C14 & 7N14 3. 8O17 & 9O17 4. 11Na22, 10Ne22 5. 20Ca40 […]
^Isotopes
^Isotopes Are the atoms: having same: elements, Z, ne , np Chemical properties But different: A, nn, NN, Physical properties Examples: 1. 1H1, 1H2, 1H3 2. 2He3, 2He4, 2He6 3. 8O16, 8O17, 8O18 4. 10Ne20, 10Ne21, 10Ne22
^Important masses
^Important masses mn > mp ( slightly) mp > > me , mp » 1836 me
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