^Isogonic lines
^Isogonic lines Lines joining the places of equal declination (θ).
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^Magnetic maps
^Magnetic maps The three magnetic elements are calculated at different places all over the globe & the results obtained are represented on geographical maps. Usually lines are drawn joining all places having same value of a magnetic element. Such maps are called magnetic maps. The commonly used lines on the magnetic maps are:
^Dip & latitude
Dip & latitude Assuming that terrestrial magnetism is due to a short magnet at the centre of the earth, then at any point on the surface, tan δ = 2 tan λ where δ is dip and λ is the magnetic latitude.
^Apparent dip
^Apparent dip Let respectively be the vertical component, horizontal component & dip angle in a vertical plane inclined at some angle say α to magnetic meridian, then . On dividing we wet tanδ/ = tanδ secα From above relation we can write As sec α > 1, thus for any vertical plane inclined at some […]
^Dip circle
^Dip circle Dip circle also called dip needle is a compass pivoted to move about a horizontal axis in a vertical plane containing the magnetic field of the earth i.e. it shows the angle which the magnetic field makes with the vertical. At the magnetic poles such a needle will point straight down. A compass […]
^Compass & dip circle
^Compass & dip circle A compass needle consists of a magnetic needle is free to swing (oscillate or deflect) in a horizontal plane about a vertical axis. A compass needle when placed in a horizontal plane & free to move aligns itself parallel to BH. At the poles, the magnetic field lines are vertically so […]
^Dip (δ) & Horizontal component
^Dip (δ) & Horizontal component The vertical component of the Earth’s magnetic field points downwards in the northern hemisphere. If the magnetic needle of a dip circle is perfectly balanced about a horizontal axis so that it dips (moves down) in a vertical plane of the magnetic meridian and aligns. Itself at some angle to […]
^Declination (θ)
Declination (θ) Since the line joining the magnetic poles is titled with respect to the geographic axis of the earth, the magnetic meridian at a point makes angle with the geographic meridian. This angle between the true geographic north and the north shown by a compass needle at which the needle stays in equilibrium in […]
^Magnetic meridian
^Magnetic meridian Magnetic meridian at a place is a vertical plane passing through the imaginary line joining the earth’s magnetic north and the south poles or the axis of a freely suspended magnet with its north pole towards geographic north.
^Geographic meridian
^Geographic meridian Geographic meridian at a point P on earth’s surface is a vertical plane passing through the longitude circle & axis of rotation of the earth.
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