^Average power consumed
^Average power consumed Average power consumed in an ac circuit is: Paverage = Ev Iv cosΦ Ev Iv → is called virtual power or apparent power.
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^Phase difference between I & V
^Phase difference between I & V When ac flows through a (a) pure R, E & I are in phase i.e. Φ = 00 (b) pure L, I lags E by 900 i.e. Φ = + 900 (d) C, I leads E by 900 i.e Φ = – 900 The value of f for other cases […]
^Reactance
^Reactance Resistance offered by the L or C current in an ac circuit is called reactance. It is of two types 1. Inductive reactance XL = ωL 2. Capacitive reactance, Inductive reactance increases with the increase in frequency of ac. An inductor offers no resistance (XL= 0) to dc, thus acts as short circuit for […]
^Impedance
^Impedance Net resistance offered by the combination of L, C & R to current in an ac ckt. is called impedance (Z).
^Current in ac circuits
^Current in ac circuits Let E = E0 sin ωt is the sinusoidal source of emf applied to a circuit. Let Φ is the phase difference between current & the emf applied is, then the current flowing through the circuit can be represented by the general relation I = I0 sin (ωt + Φ), its […]
^ac generator
^ac generator Also called dynamos or electric oscillators or commutators is based on EMI. When a metallic – coil is rotated at a high speed in a strong magnetic field, due to the change in magnetic flux linked with the coil a voltage difference ε = ε0 sin ωt, ε0 = BANω is induced across […]
^Sac (Sinusoidal alternating current)
^Sac (Sinusoidal alternating current)
^LC oscillator or tank circuit
^LC oscillator or tank circuit When a charged capacitor is connected to a pure inductor & left for discharging, electromagnetic energy oscillates between capacitor & inductor in due to the sinusoidal variation of charge accordance with the relation with q = q0 cosωt & . LC oscillator is equivalent to oscillations of a block connected […]
^Also dimensionally:
^Also dimensionally: Example of LR circuit Let at t = 0, switch S is closed. (a) Just on closing switch means t = 0. At this time inductor offers infinite resistance, thus I = 0 and (b) A long time after closing switch means at t = ∞. At this time it offers no resistance […]
^Current in LR – circuit
^Current in LR – circuit An ideal inductor has no ohmic resistance (i.e. R = 0) it has only reactance (i.e. XL ≠ 0). However no inductor is ideal, every inductor can be assumed as series combination of L & R . When such an inductor is connected is connected to a battery (e.g. on […]
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