^Transistor Emitter is the section on one side of transistor that supplies charge carriers. It is of moderate size & heavily doped. Collector is the section on the other side of transistor that collects the charge carriers. It is moderately doped but larger in size. Base is the middle section of transistor that forms two […]

^Photodiodes Light incident near the junction of reverse biased (because the fractional change due to the photo-effects on the minority carrier dominated reverse bias current is more easily measurable than the fractional change in the forward bias current) diode produce electron hole pairs which are moved by the junction electric field (electrons towards n end […]

^LED LED means light emitting diode. It is usually heavily doped. On forward biasing the diode majority carriers combine with minority carriers near the junction & emit energy (spontaneous radiation) in the form of visible light. Increase in the forward current results in decrease of light intensity. LEDs are biased such that the light emitting […]