^Ordinary or unpolarized light Light is made up of the superposition of a huge number of light waves emitted by individual atoms whose electric fields are in random directions. As a result the direction of vibration (DOV) of electric field vector at any given point of space keeps on changing very rapidly & randomly but […]
^Polarisation A wave having vibrations is only in one direction & that is normal to its direction of propagation is called a polarized wave & the phenomenon of restricting the oscillation of a wave to just one direction in a direction transverse plane or normal to its direction of propagation is called polarisation of waves. […]
^Interference versus diffraction Following table gives some important points of difference between interference and diffraction
^Resolving power of a compound microscope Here, λ = wavelength of light used μ = refractive index of the medium between the object & objective lens θ = Half angle of the cone of light from each point object. Also μ sinθ is called numerical aperture. From above relation it is clear that the resolving power […]
^Resolving power a telescope For the two stars to be just resolved, Implying, Resolving limit of a telescope is, Resolving power of a telescope is, Thus Δθ will be small if the diameter (2 a) of the objective is large. This implies that the telescope will have better resolving power if a is large. It […]
^Resolving limit of human eye For human eye resolving limit is one minute (abbreviated as, 1), this means that the human eye can see two point objects separately if they subtend angle more than one minute of arc at the eye. The diameter of the pupil of human eye is about 2 mm. If we […]
^Resolving power The reciprocal of the limit of resolution of an optical instrument is called the resolving power. The resolving power of an optical instrument is its ability to resolve or separate the images of two nearby point objects so that they can be distinctly seen.
^Resolving limit Inability of an optical instrument (eye, microscope, telescope) to resolve the separation of two objects is called its resolving limit or limit of resolution & can be define as the smallest linear or angular separation between two points that can be just resolved i.e. visible distinctly & clearly by it.
^Resolving power of optical instruments Suppose a convex lens is used to form the image of an object. Consider a parallel beam of light falling on it. If the lens is well corrected for aberrations, then geometrical optics tells us that the beam will get focused to a point, producing a sharp image point. However, […]
^Resnel’s distance (DF) The distance of the screen from the slit at which the diffraction spread of a beam is equal to the size of the aperture of the slit is called Fresnel’s distance. i.e., when y = d, D = DF, thus For a given value of d the quantity is called the […]
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